From: Nigel Davies
Date: 2015-04-11 16:43 GMT+01:00
Subject: Towl family of Guinea/Guinea-Bissau
Dear Professors Ribeiro, Graca, Vinhal:
I am an independent historian, mainly specialising in the study of the Sierra Leone Creole (Krio), people of Sierra Leone. (*)
I am quite familiar with your eminent work on the history of Africans, and as a historian similarly interested in this area of research, I greatly appreciate your scholarship in this area of study.
I am getting in contact with you because I noticed your blogspot posting on the Towl/Camara family of Victoria in Kafarande, Guinea, Rio Nunez. I noticed your blog spot:
18 de julho de 2008 > Guiné 63/74 - P3070: Antropologia (6): O povoamento humano da zona do Cantanhez: apontamentos (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito) (*)
http://blogueforanadaevaotres.blogspot.co.uk/2008/07/guin-6374-p3070-antropologia-6-o.html.
I am a descendant of the Towl family and I have been researching the family history of the Towl or Camara family of the Rio Nunez, a royal family descended from Mandab Camara, a Nalu from Guinea-Bissau, whose son, Tokhoye Tawouli, settled in the Rio Nunez in 1825 and established the Towl royal family line.
I am a descendant of the Towl family and I have been researching the family history of the Towl or Camara family of the Rio Nunez, a royal family descended from Mandab Camara, a Nalu from Guinea-Bissau, whose son, Tokhoye Tawouli, settled in the Rio Nunez in 1825 and established the Towl royal family line.
Tokhoye married Magboya Ratcha, the daughter of a local chief, Mango Ratcha in Guinea. Tokhoye and Magboya Ratcha had a first-born son called Boya Lamina, who was at one time the King of the Nalus until his death and succession (his younger brother Youra Towl succeeded him and then his nephew, Dinah Salifou).
Boya Lamina had a son called Sekou Tomas, who married a very light-skinned Baga woman called Josephine. This union produced at least five or six children-Sekou Togba, the eldest, Samuel Tomas, Joseph Tomas (d. Congo), Isata Kamara (later Esther Thomas, my second great grandmother), and two other sisters, both of whom also settled in Sierra Leone-and one of them was known as Miriam Priddy.
Isata Kamara or Esther Thomas, my great grandmother settled in Sierra Leone as a six year old girl and was raised as a Sierra Leone Creole in the Settler Town area of Freetown. Like her Baga mother, she was quite fair, with long hair, and may have had partial Fulani or perhaps European ancestry on her maternal line. She married John William Campbell, a Sierra Leonean and had six children including my late great grandmother, Sarah Rebecca Letitia Campbell, (1908-2009).
There was a document that was held in our family archive, 'Tawoulia or Tawel, Regnante Famille du pays Nalou au Rio Nunez, Perfecture of Boke from 1820 to 1952' published in 1999 by Elhadj Sankoumba Camara. However, my mother threw away this document and I have been trying to regain an original copy ever since. All the photographs on your blog spot are instantly recognizable, as they are derived from that document.
Do you have any contact in Guinea who would be able to get me an original copy of this document? I am willing to pay whatever costs for the item, however I am not presently in contact with my remaining relatives in Guinea and so I don't have any contacts in Guinea who could get me a copy of this precious document.
I attach my curriculum vitae and a copy of the only remaining photograph I have of Boya Lamina, my fourth great grandfather.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Kind regards, Nigel Browne-Davies
De: Nigel Davies
Data: 2015-04-11 16:43 GMT+01:00
Assunto: A família Towl [ou Tawel] da Guiné-Bissau
Caros Professores Ribeiro, Graça, Vinhal,
Sou um historiador independente, particularmente interessado no estudo do povo crioulo (em inglês, Krio people) da Serra Leoa). (**)
Estou bastante a par do vosso notável trabalho sobre a história dos povos africanos e eu próprio como historiador tenho interesse nesse tópico. Só tenho a agradecer o vosso trabalho académico nesta área de estudo.
Permito-me entrar em contato com vocês, na sequência do vosso poste sobre a família Towl / Camara de Victoria, em Kafarande, Guiné-Conacri, Rio Nunez. Tomei boa nota do vosso poste no blogue:
18 de julho de 2008 > Guiné 63/74 - P3070: Antropologia (6): O povoamento humano da zona do Cantanhez: apontamentos (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito) (*)
http://blogueforanadaevaotres.blogspot.co.uk/2008/07/guin-6374-p3070-antropologia-6-o.html.
Sou descendente da família Towl [ou Tawel] e tenho feito pesquisas sobre a história da família Tawel ou Camará, do Rio Nunez, uma família real que descende de Mandab Camará, um Nalu da Guiné-Bissau, cujo filho, Tokhoye Tawouli, se instalou na região do Rio Nunez em 1825, tendo dado origem ao ramo da família real Tawel.
Tokhoye casou com Magboya Ratcha, a filha de um chefe local, Mango Ratcha, da Guiné-Conacri. Tokhoye e Magboya Ratcha tiveram um filho primogénito chamado Boya Lamina, que foi então o primeiro rei dos Nalus, tendo-lhe sucedido, depois da morte, o seu irmão mais novo Youra Tawel e, em seguida, o seu sobrinho, Dinah Salifu.
Boya Lamina, por sua vez, teve um filho, chamado Seku Tomas, que se casou com uma mulher, da etnia Baga, de pele muito clara, chamada Josephine. Desta união nasceram pelo menos cinco ou seis filhos: Seku Togba, o mais velho, Samuel Tomas, Joseph Tomas (que norreu no Congo), Isata Kamara (mais tarde Esther Thomas, minha segunda bisavó), e duas outras irmãs, que se estabeleceram, ambas, na Serra Leoa. Uma delas era conhecido como Miriam Priddy.
Isata Kamara (ou Esther Thomas), minha bisavó, foi para a Serra Leoa, ainda menina, com seis anos, tendo sido criada como crioula da Serra Leoa na área colonial da cidade de Freetown. Tal como a sua mãe, de etnia Baga, era de pele bastante clara, com cabelos longos, e provavelmente com uma parte de ascendência fula ou talvez europeia, do lado materno. Casou-se com John William Campbell, nascido na Serra Leoa, e teve seis filhos, incluindo a minha falecida bisavó, Sarah Rebecca Letitia Campbell (1908-2009).
Havia um documento, guardado no nosso arquivo de família, 'Tawoulia ou Tawel, Regnante Famille du pays Nalou au Rio Nunez, Préfecture de Boke 1820-1952 ", publicado em 1999 por Elhadj Sankoumba Camara. Infelizmente, a minha mãe deitou fora este documento. Eu tenho tentado desde então arranjar uma cópia do original. Todas as fotografias no vosso blogue são facilmente reconhecíveis, já que são extraídas do supracitado documento.
Pergunto-vos se vocês têm algum contacto na Guiné-Conacri que me permita obter uma cópia original desse documento? Estou disposto a pagar o que se for preciso. No entanto, não tenho atualmente quaisquer contactos com os meus parentes que ficaram na Guiné-Conacri. Enfim, eu não possuo contatos na Guiné-Conacri que me ajudem a obter uma cópia deste documento precioso.
Anexo o meu "curriculum vitae" (***), bem como uma cópia da única fotografia que tenho de Boya Lamina, meu quarto bisavô.
Estou ansioso para conhecer a vossa resposta
Atenciosamente,
Nigel Browne-Davies
Guiné-Bissau > Região de Tombali > Setor de Bedanda > Iemberem > Simpósio Internacional de Guileje > Março de 2008 > Visita ao sul > Dois homens grandes da Guiné, o Engº Agrónomo Carlos Schwarz (Pepito, para os amigos) (1949-2014), fundador e director executivo da AD - Acção para o Desenvolvimento e o 'Aladje' Salifo Camará, régulo de Cadique Nalu e Lautchandé, antigo Combatente da Liberdade da Pátria, "o rei dos nalus", então com 87 anos (morreu em 2011).
Foto (e legenda): © Luís Graça (2008). Todos os direitos reservados.
3. Reply to Mr. Nigel Davies
Welcome to our blog. We are friends of the people of Guinea-Bissau . We are old Portuguese soldiers during the colonial war (1963/74 ) in that speaking Portuguese African country, Blog editors are not academic people, except myself, the blog founder, and university teacher. The document you are looking for is in French and the source is at Conakry, not Bissau. Unfortunately , our friend Carlos Schwarz, ' Pepito ' ( nickname ) , died suddenly last year. I can give you the contact of his widow, Mrs . Isabel Levy Ribeiro, who lives in Bissau. He was a close friend of the former king of Nalus, Salifu Camara.
We wish could help you more. But we can maintain this contact. Good luck for you research on the history of your family. Our best greetings. Luís Graça
Resposta a Nigel Davies:
Seja bem-vindo ao nosso blogue . Somos amigos do povo da Guiné-Bissau, antigos combatentes portugueses durante a guerra colonial (1963/74) naquele país africano de língua oficial portuguesa. Os editores não são pessoas acadêmicas , com exceção do fundador, Luis Graça, que é professor unibversitário. O documento que você procura é em francês e a fonte é Conacri, não Bissau. Infelizmente o nosso amigo Carlos Schwarz, mais conmhecido por 'Pepito', morreu subitamente no ano passado. Posso dar-lhe o contacto da sua viúva, Isabel Levy Ribeiro, que vive em Bissau. Ele era muito amigo do anterior rei dos nalus, Salifu Camará.
Gostaríamos de poder ajudá-lo mais. Podemos manter este contacto. Desejamos-lhe boa sorte na procura de mais elementos sobre a história da sua família. As nossas melhores saudações. Luís Graça (****).
__________________ .
Notas do editor:
(*) Vd. Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre > Crioulos da Serra Leoa
(...) Os Crioulos da Serra Leoa ou Krio (também Creo ou crioulo) é uma expressão designada aos não-nativos africanos, uma comunidade de cerca de 200 000 descendentes de escravos libertos das Índias Ocidentais, América do Norte e da Grã-Bretanha.
Os Krio vivem principalmente no leste de Serra Leoa, principalmente na capital, Freetown. A sua língua é a língua krio, falada por cerca de 98% da população do país, apesar de os krio serem uma minoria. (...)
Vd,. também entrada em inglês ou português, na Wikipedia > Serra Leoa | Freetown | Sierra Leone Creole People
(**) Vd. poste de > 18 de julho de 2008 > Guiné 63/74 - P3070: Antropologia (6): O povoamento humano da zona do Cantanhez: apontamentos (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito)
[2008, 18 july > Guinea 63/74 - P3070: Anthropology (6): Human settlement in the area of Cantanhez: notes (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito)]
(...) Fonte citada pelo autor do artigo, Carlos Schwarz da Silva, 'Pepito0 (1949-2014):
English title: Tawoulia or Tawel, ruling family of Nalou country at the Rio Nunez, Préfecture of Boke, from 1820 to 1952. Conakry.
(***) Nigel Davies > Abridged CV::
(...) Nationality: British
(...) Research Focus:
My main focus of research is the study of coastal elites in British West Africa, particularly during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Although my main focus is on repatriated freemen and ex-slaves in Sierra Leone and Liberia, I have also conducted research on nineteenth century ‘educated Africans’ in Ghana, Nigeria, the Gambia, Fernando Po, Cameroon and Senegal. My research focuses on different aspects including family histories, colonial identity, and the study of mixed race and westernized blacks in West African societies. My aim is to examine these dynamics in order to understand the various similarities among members of the West African coastal elite, and their cultural outlook and similarities with black elites in the Americas and middle-class families in Britain.
Education
BPP University College (Law School), (2013-2014)
Graduate Diploma in Law: Commendation
Queen Mary, University of London, (2010-2013)
BA (Honours) History: high Upper Second Class Honours
(...) Undergraduate Dissertation title: ‘The role of the Sierra Leone Creole people in the Hut Tax War of 1898: Aggressors or Victims?’
Dissertation summary: My dissertation was an examination of the role that the Freetown press and individual Creole traders in the hinterland may have had in exacerbating or inciting indigenous peoples in the Sierra Leone Protectorate to rebel against the colonial government in the 1898 Hut Tax War.
‘Nelson Mandela: Freedom Fighter and Trailblazing Father of a Nation’, [Cover article], Black History Month Magazine, October 2014
Summary: Wrote the cover article on the life, legacy, and achievements of Nelson Mandela in South Africa and abroad.
‘Africa’s own Officer in the First World War: Lieutenant Macormack Charles Farrell Easmon’, Black History Month Magazine, October 2014
Summary: Summarises the life story and significance of Macormack Easmon, who was possibly the only black African to serve as a British medical officer in the First World War.
‘The Krios of Sierra Leone: A Unique Heritage linked to Britain and beyond’, Black History Month Magazine [co-authored], [circulated with the Telegraph newspaper], October 2013
Summary: Co-authored an article highlighting the unique culture and heritage of the Sierra Leone Krio people, a small ethnic group in the peninsula of Sierra Leone.
Black History Magazine
‘The Krios of Sierra Leone: Celebrating their heritage and discoveries’, Black History magazine publication, October 2013 [co-authored]
Summary: Co-authored an article on the discoveries and contributions of Sierra Leone Creole medical doctors to the discovery of sickle cell, Blackwater fever, and the analysis of the breakdown of insulin in the human body.
The Network for Change [Web Article]
‘The Importance of History, Part 1’, The Network For Change, 20 August, 2013
Summary: Outlines the historical importance of Sierra Leone and particularly the need to preserve oral histories and archival records contained at the Sierra Leone Public Archives in Freetown, Sierra Leone. (...)
Presentations:
‘Thomas Peters and the founding of Freetown’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council and Sickle Cell Society Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peter’s Church, 12 October, 2012
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation given before an audience of 130 people; the presentation received the highest rating as the most interesting aspect of the event based on feedback surveys filled in by the audience.
‘A presentation on Dr. Davidson Nicol’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council and Sickle Cell Society Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 12 October, 2012
Summary: Prepared a presentation on Dr. Davidson Nicol, the first scientist to analyse the breakdown of insulin in the human body, before 130 people; the presentation received high ratings in feedback surveys filled in by the audience.
‘Black History in London: The Sierra Leone and Caribbean connection’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 11 October, 2013
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation given by Dr Morgan Dalphinis before an audience at a Southwark Black History Month Event; the presentation received the highest rating of the event based on feedback surveys completed by the audience.
‘An Overview of Krio History, Webinar, Roots to Glory
Summary: Prepared and gave a web presentation on Sierra Leone Krio history to an African American audience who had undertaken DNA tests and had ancestral ties to Sierra Leone.
‘An Overview of Krio History’, Sickle Cell Society, Liverpool Maritime Museum, 4 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on the connection between the discovery of sickle cell and Sierra Leone Krio history to an audience at the Liverpool Maritime Museum.
‘Stella Marke and Frances Wright: Pioneer Female Lawyers’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared presentation on Stella Thomas and Frances Wright, the first West African female lawyers.
‘Samuel Ajayi Crowther’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation on Samuel Ajayi, the first African to be consecrated as an Archbishop of the Church of England. Presentation was given before an audience comprised of Sierra Leoneans.
‘Lieutenant M.C.F. Easmon in the First World War’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on Lieutenant Macormack Easmon, a Sierra Leonean who was possibly the only black African to serve as a British officer in the First World War.
‘Adelaide Casely-Hayford: An African nationalist, educationalist, and feminist’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014, URL: http://youtu.be/ibP7gc_06KY
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on Adelaide Casely-Hayford, one of the few Sierra Leoneans to permanently settle in Britain during the late Victorian era.
‘John Henry Smythe: A Sierra Leonean Pilot in the Second World War’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014.
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation on John Henry Clavell Smythe, a Sierra Leonean pilot in the Second World War who was one of the first West Africans to serve in the Royal Air Force.
‘An Overview of Krio History’, Sickle Cell Society, Black and Asian Workers’ Group, Home Office of the United Kingdom, 16 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on the connection between sickle cell and Sierra Leone Krio history before the Black Workers’ Group at the Home Office.
'Black Englishmen': Sierra Leoneans in the British Archives,’ ‘What's Happening in Black British History? A Conversation,’ Institute of Commonwealth Studies, The Chancellor’s Hall, Senate House, London,’ 30 October, 2014
Summary: Researched and gave a presentation on the links between the development of the Sierra Leone Creole community and Black British history.
(...) Media appearances
Short Documentary Clip
Krio Descendants Union London Luncheon Sale 2013 Highlights, URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWRriuLj4Bw
Television
Africa Wrap with Charles Aniagolu, Arise News Network, 9 October, 2014, URL: http://www.arise.tv/arise-news-show/africa-wrap-09-10-8614.
Summary: Appeared as a historian and member of the Krio Descendants Union to discuss Sierra Leone Creole history and the 2014 Southwark City Council Black History Month event.
Princess of Arize with Princess Deun, Black Entertainment Network, 4 April 2013, URL: http://youtu.be/TGN1D7htkok, URL 2: http://youtu.be/VpzfXgv0-Ys, URL 3: http://youtu.be/ryQEObIdPmo
Summary: Appeared as the lead historian for the Krio Descendants Union delegation.
Blog radio
‘The Importance of History: Can events and experiences of our past shape our future’, Powordful conversations with Olive Lazure-Guillias, Blog Radio, 9 October, 2013, URL: http://www.blogtalkradio.com/olivegl/2013/10/09/can-events-and-experiences-of-our-past-shape-our-future
Summary: Invited to discuss the importance of history and my research focus on Sierra Leone (...)
There was a document that was held in our family archive, 'Tawoulia or Tawel, Regnante Famille du pays Nalou au Rio Nunez, Perfecture of Boke from 1820 to 1952' published in 1999 by Elhadj Sankoumba Camara. However, my mother threw away this document and I have been trying to regain an original copy ever since. All the photographs on your blog spot are instantly recognizable, as they are derived from that document.
Do you have any contact in Guinea who would be able to get me an original copy of this document? I am willing to pay whatever costs for the item, however I am not presently in contact with my remaining relatives in Guinea and so I don't have any contacts in Guinea who could get me a copy of this precious document.
I attach my curriculum vitae and a copy of the only remaining photograph I have of Boya Lamina, my fourth great grandfather.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Kind regards, Nigel Browne-Davies
Guiné-Conacri > Posição relativa ao Rio Nunez : a nordeste Boké e a sua noroeste Cacine, Guiné-Bissau. Ou Rio do Nuno, em homenagem ao nosso grande navegador Nuno Tristão, mas não é pacífico que ele chegado exatamente à foz deste rio...onde teria encontrado a morte.
Adapt. com a devida vánia do mapa do Google.
Infografia: Blogue Luís Graça & Camaradas da Guiné
"Com a morte deste último [o Boya Youra,], em 1857 [lapso, deve ser 1885], o primeiro filho de Salifo Boya, Diná Salifo, assume a chefia para um reinado de cinco anos que termina com a sua prisão pela França e respectiva deportação para Saint Louis, no Senegal, onde acaba por falecer em 1897 (...)
A sua prisão prende-se com o seu completo desacordo com a França, decorrente da elaboração da Convenção Franco-Portuguesa de 1886, em que se procede a uma nova delimitação das suas respectivas possessões, na qual a França cedia a Portugal a zona de Cacine por troca com a Casamança" (...) (**)
2. Tradução para português:
Adapt. com a devida vánia do mapa do Google.
Infografia: Blogue Luís Graça & Camaradas da Guiné
Foto de Boya Lamina, o primeiro rei dos Nalus (1837-1840), segundo Nigel Davies... Seria o seu "fourth great grandfather" [, em português, tetravô, ou pai do trisavô ou avô do bisavô...]... No poste do Pepito, esta é a foto de Biya Salifo,esse sim, o primeiro rei (1837-1840), tendo-lhe sucedido o seu irmão Boya Lamina (1840-1857).
Foto de Boya Lamina, 2º rei dos nalus (1840-1857), segundo o Pepito, que cita Camará (1999):
(...) "A principal tentativa, para a criação de um Reino Nalú, remonta aos anos de 1780, na tabanca de Caniop, zona de Boké, na que é hoje a Guiné-Conacri. Tudo começa com o casamento entre Tokhoye e Boya do qual nascem 4 filhos varões, por esta ordem: Salifo, Lamine, Youra e Carimo. Nesta altura todas as tabancas Nalús funcionavam de forma autónoma, não havendo nenhuma autoridade superior que as unisse.
"Com a morte do pai Tokhoye, em 1837, Boya Salifo, o primogénito, assume a liderança de um processo com vista à união de todos os Nalús à volta de uma só autoridade, representada por ele. Para isso contou com o apoio dos outros 3 irmãos que se desdobraram em visitas e contactos a todas as tabancas habitadas por Nalús, especialmente em duas zonas: na baixa do Rio Nuno e entre os rios de Cacine e Tombali.
"O processo é coroado de sucesso, tendo oReino dos Nalús tido 4 chefes durante toda a sua existência: o primeiro foi Boya Salifo que reinou durante 3 anos, de 1837 a 1840, ano da sua morte; a ele sucedeu-lhe Boya Lamine que chefiou os nalús durante 17 anos, de 1840 a 1857, igualmente ano da sua morte (...).
"Segue-se-lhe, Boya Youra Tawel, o qual reina durante 28 anos, entre 1857 e 1885, tendo dividido o Reino Nalú em quatro províncias: Socoboli, Tonkima, Caniop e Cacine. Em 1860, com as etnias Landumas e Mikiforés a desentenderam-se, Youra começa a conquista de novos territórios para preservar a segurança das suas fronteiras contra as intenções expansionistas do chefe do Futa. Em 1863 dispunha de um grande território e reino. Nomeia então chefes para cada província. Para Cacine foi designado Saiondi, filho de Boya Salifo.
(...) "A principal tentativa, para a criação de um Reino Nalú, remonta aos anos de 1780, na tabanca de Caniop, zona de Boké, na que é hoje a Guiné-Conacri. Tudo começa com o casamento entre Tokhoye e Boya do qual nascem 4 filhos varões, por esta ordem: Salifo, Lamine, Youra e Carimo. Nesta altura todas as tabancas Nalús funcionavam de forma autónoma, não havendo nenhuma autoridade superior que as unisse.
"Com a morte do pai Tokhoye, em 1837, Boya Salifo, o primogénito, assume a liderança de um processo com vista à união de todos os Nalús à volta de uma só autoridade, representada por ele. Para isso contou com o apoio dos outros 3 irmãos que se desdobraram em visitas e contactos a todas as tabancas habitadas por Nalús, especialmente em duas zonas: na baixa do Rio Nuno e entre os rios de Cacine e Tombali.
"O processo é coroado de sucesso, tendo oReino dos Nalús tido 4 chefes durante toda a sua existência: o primeiro foi Boya Salifo que reinou durante 3 anos, de 1837 a 1840, ano da sua morte; a ele sucedeu-lhe Boya Lamine que chefiou os nalús durante 17 anos, de 1840 a 1857, igualmente ano da sua morte (...).
"Segue-se-lhe, Boya Youra Tawel, o qual reina durante 28 anos, entre 1857 e 1885, tendo dividido o Reino Nalú em quatro províncias: Socoboli, Tonkima, Caniop e Cacine. Em 1860, com as etnias Landumas e Mikiforés a desentenderam-se, Youra começa a conquista de novos territórios para preservar a segurança das suas fronteiras contra as intenções expansionistas do chefe do Futa. Em 1863 dispunha de um grande território e reino. Nomeia então chefes para cada província. Para Cacine foi designado Saiondi, filho de Boya Salifo.
A sua prisão prende-se com o seu completo desacordo com a França, decorrente da elaboração da Convenção Franco-Portuguesa de 1886, em que se procede a uma nova delimitação das suas respectivas possessões, na qual a França cedia a Portugal a zona de Cacine por troca com a Casamança" (...) (**)
2. Tradução para português:
De: Nigel Davies
Data: 2015-04-11 16:43 GMT+01:00
Assunto: A família Towl [ou Tawel] da Guiné-Bissau
Caros Professores Ribeiro, Graça, Vinhal,
Sou um historiador independente, particularmente interessado no estudo do povo crioulo (em inglês, Krio people) da Serra Leoa). (**)
Estou bastante a par do vosso notável trabalho sobre a história dos povos africanos e eu próprio como historiador tenho interesse nesse tópico. Só tenho a agradecer o vosso trabalho académico nesta área de estudo.
Permito-me entrar em contato com vocês, na sequência do vosso poste sobre a família Towl / Camara de Victoria, em Kafarande, Guiné-Conacri, Rio Nunez. Tomei boa nota do vosso poste no blogue:
18 de julho de 2008 > Guiné 63/74 - P3070: Antropologia (6): O povoamento humano da zona do Cantanhez: apontamentos (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito) (*)
http://blogueforanadaevaotres.blogspot.co.uk/2008/07/guin-6374-p3070-antropologia-6-o.html.
Sou descendente da família Towl [ou Tawel] e tenho feito pesquisas sobre a história da família Tawel ou Camará, do Rio Nunez, uma família real que descende de Mandab Camará, um Nalu da Guiné-Bissau, cujo filho, Tokhoye Tawouli, se instalou na região do Rio Nunez em 1825, tendo dado origem ao ramo da família real Tawel.
Tokhoye casou com Magboya Ratcha, a filha de um chefe local, Mango Ratcha, da Guiné-Conacri. Tokhoye e Magboya Ratcha tiveram um filho primogénito chamado Boya Lamina, que foi então o primeiro rei dos Nalus, tendo-lhe sucedido, depois da morte, o seu irmão mais novo Youra Tawel e, em seguida, o seu sobrinho, Dinah Salifu.
Boya Lamina, por sua vez, teve um filho, chamado Seku Tomas, que se casou com uma mulher, da etnia Baga, de pele muito clara, chamada Josephine. Desta união nasceram pelo menos cinco ou seis filhos: Seku Togba, o mais velho, Samuel Tomas, Joseph Tomas (que norreu no Congo), Isata Kamara (mais tarde Esther Thomas, minha segunda bisavó), e duas outras irmãs, que se estabeleceram, ambas, na Serra Leoa. Uma delas era conhecido como Miriam Priddy.
Isata Kamara (ou Esther Thomas), minha bisavó, foi para a Serra Leoa, ainda menina, com seis anos, tendo sido criada como crioula da Serra Leoa na área colonial da cidade de Freetown. Tal como a sua mãe, de etnia Baga, era de pele bastante clara, com cabelos longos, e provavelmente com uma parte de ascendência fula ou talvez europeia, do lado materno. Casou-se com John William Campbell, nascido na Serra Leoa, e teve seis filhos, incluindo a minha falecida bisavó, Sarah Rebecca Letitia Campbell (1908-2009).
Havia um documento, guardado no nosso arquivo de família, 'Tawoulia ou Tawel, Regnante Famille du pays Nalou au Rio Nunez, Préfecture de Boke 1820-1952 ", publicado em 1999 por Elhadj Sankoumba Camara. Infelizmente, a minha mãe deitou fora este documento. Eu tenho tentado desde então arranjar uma cópia do original. Todas as fotografias no vosso blogue são facilmente reconhecíveis, já que são extraídas do supracitado documento.
Pergunto-vos se vocês têm algum contacto na Guiné-Conacri que me permita obter uma cópia original desse documento? Estou disposto a pagar o que se for preciso. No entanto, não tenho atualmente quaisquer contactos com os meus parentes que ficaram na Guiné-Conacri. Enfim, eu não possuo contatos na Guiné-Conacri que me ajudem a obter uma cópia deste documento precioso.
Anexo o meu "curriculum vitae" (***), bem como uma cópia da única fotografia que tenho de Boya Lamina, meu quarto bisavô.
Estou ansioso para conhecer a vossa resposta
Atenciosamente,
Nigel Browne-Davies
Guiné-Bissau > Região de Tombali > Setor de Bedanda > Iemberem > Simpósio Internacional de Guileje > Março de 2008 > Visita ao sul > Dois homens grandes da Guiné, o Engº Agrónomo Carlos Schwarz (Pepito, para os amigos) (1949-2014), fundador e director executivo da AD - Acção para o Desenvolvimento e o 'Aladje' Salifo Camará, régulo de Cadique Nalu e Lautchandé, antigo Combatente da Liberdade da Pátria, "o rei dos nalus", então com 87 anos (morreu em 2011).
Foto (e legenda): © Luís Graça (2008). Todos os direitos reservados.
3. Reply to Mr. Nigel Davies
Welcome to our blog. We are friends of the people of Guinea-Bissau . We are old Portuguese soldiers during the colonial war (1963/74 ) in that speaking Portuguese African country, Blog editors are not academic people, except myself, the blog founder, and university teacher. The document you are looking for is in French and the source is at Conakry, not Bissau. Unfortunately , our friend Carlos Schwarz, ' Pepito ' ( nickname ) , died suddenly last year. I can give you the contact of his widow, Mrs . Isabel Levy Ribeiro, who lives in Bissau. He was a close friend of the former king of Nalus, Salifu Camara.
We wish could help you more. But we can maintain this contact. Good luck for you research on the history of your family. Our best greetings. Luís Graça
Resposta a Nigel Davies:
Seja bem-vindo ao nosso blogue . Somos amigos do povo da Guiné-Bissau, antigos combatentes portugueses durante a guerra colonial (1963/74) naquele país africano de língua oficial portuguesa. Os editores não são pessoas acadêmicas , com exceção do fundador, Luis Graça, que é professor unibversitário. O documento que você procura é em francês e a fonte é Conacri, não Bissau. Infelizmente o nosso amigo Carlos Schwarz, mais conmhecido por 'Pepito', morreu subitamente no ano passado. Posso dar-lhe o contacto da sua viúva, Isabel Levy Ribeiro, que vive em Bissau. Ele era muito amigo do anterior rei dos nalus, Salifu Camará.
Gostaríamos de poder ajudá-lo mais. Podemos manter este contacto. Desejamos-lhe boa sorte na procura de mais elementos sobre a história da sua família. As nossas melhores saudações. Luís Graça (****).
__________________ .
Notas do editor:
(*) Vd. Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre > Crioulos da Serra Leoa
(...) Os Crioulos da Serra Leoa ou Krio (também Creo ou crioulo) é uma expressão designada aos não-nativos africanos, uma comunidade de cerca de 200 000 descendentes de escravos libertos das Índias Ocidentais, América do Norte e da Grã-Bretanha.
Os Krio vivem principalmente no leste de Serra Leoa, principalmente na capital, Freetown. A sua língua é a língua krio, falada por cerca de 98% da população do país, apesar de os krio serem uma minoria. (...)
Vd,. também entrada em inglês ou português, na Wikipedia > Serra Leoa | Freetown | Sierra Leone Creole People
(**) Vd. poste de > 18 de julho de 2008 > Guiné 63/74 - P3070: Antropologia (6): O povoamento humano da zona do Cantanhez: apontamentos (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito)
[2008, 18 july > Guinea 63/74 - P3070: Anthropology (6): Human settlement in the area of Cantanhez: notes (Carlos Schwarz, Pepito)]
(...) Fonte citada pelo autor do artigo, Carlos Schwarz da Silva, 'Pepito0 (1949-2014):
Elhadj Sankoumba Camará, 1999. Tawoulia ou Tawel, Famille regnante du pays Nalou au Rio Nunez, Préfecture de Boke de 1820 a 1952. Conakry. [in francês / french]
English title: Tawoulia or Tawel, ruling family of Nalou country at the Rio Nunez, Préfecture of Boke, from 1820 to 1952. Conakry.
(***) Nigel Davies > Abridged CV::
(...) Nationality: British
(...) Research Focus:
My main focus of research is the study of coastal elites in British West Africa, particularly during the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Although my main focus is on repatriated freemen and ex-slaves in Sierra Leone and Liberia, I have also conducted research on nineteenth century ‘educated Africans’ in Ghana, Nigeria, the Gambia, Fernando Po, Cameroon and Senegal. My research focuses on different aspects including family histories, colonial identity, and the study of mixed race and westernized blacks in West African societies. My aim is to examine these dynamics in order to understand the various similarities among members of the West African coastal elite, and their cultural outlook and similarities with black elites in the Americas and middle-class families in Britain.
Education
BPP University College (Law School), (2013-2014)
Graduate Diploma in Law: Commendation
Queen Mary, University of London, (2010-2013)
BA (Honours) History: high Upper Second Class Honours
(...) Undergraduate Dissertation title: ‘The role of the Sierra Leone Creole people in the Hut Tax War of 1898: Aggressors or Victims?’
Dissertation summary: My dissertation was an examination of the role that the Freetown press and individual Creole traders in the hinterland may have had in exacerbating or inciting indigenous peoples in the Sierra Leone Protectorate to rebel against the colonial government in the 1898 Hut Tax War.
(...) Editorial work
Journal of Sierra Leone Studies
Position: Member of the Editorial Board
(...) Krio Descendants Union Historical Journal
Position: Editor and founder
(...) Krio Descendants Union Calendar (2011)
Position: Contributor
- Researched and wrote ‘The Origin of Krio Surnames’
- Article was included in the 2011 Krio Descendants Union Calendar
Published work
Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana
§ ‘The Brothers Easmon: The emergence of a Nova Scotian medical dynasty in Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast’, Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana (New Series), Number 16, 2014
Summary: Article outlines the origins of the Easmon medical dynasty in the former British West African colonies of the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone.
Journal of Sierra Leone Studies
§ ‘The role of the Sierra Leone Creole people in the Hut Tax War of 1898: Aggressors or Victims?’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition One
Summary: Article outlines the role of the Sierra Leone Creole (Krio) in fomenting the 1898 rebellion in the Protectorate of Sierra Leone and examines whether the Creole were victims or the aggressors in the conflict.
§ ‘A Precis of Sources relating to genealogical research on the Sierra Leone Krio people’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition One
Summary: Article provides information on archival records held in the United Kingdom, North America, and Sierra Leone that are pertinent for researching Sierra Leone Krio genealogy.
§ ‘Lieutenant Macormack Charles Farrell Easmon: A Sierra Leonean Officer in the First World War’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition Two
Summary: First academic article to examine the history of possibly the only black African commissioned to serve as a British officer in the First World War.
§ ‘The British Library Endangered Archives Programmes 284 and 443: A Short note on the digitisation of records at the Sierra Leone Public Archives’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition Two
Summary: Provides an overview of the important work of the British Library Endangered Archives Programmes and outlines records held at the Office of the Registrar-General in Freetown which also require urgent measures for preservation.
§ ‘William Smith, Registrar of the Courts of Mixed Commission: A Photograph of an African Civil Servant in the nineteenth century’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition Two
Summary: A biographical sketch of a nineteenth century African civil servant and contains a rare photograph (from a private album) of the subject of the article.
Black History Month Magazine
Journal of Sierra Leone Studies
Position: Member of the Editorial Board
(...) Krio Descendants Union Historical Journal
Position: Editor and founder
(...) Krio Descendants Union Calendar (2011)
Position: Contributor
- Researched and wrote ‘The Origin of Krio Surnames’
- Article was included in the 2011 Krio Descendants Union Calendar
Published work
Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana
§ ‘The Brothers Easmon: The emergence of a Nova Scotian medical dynasty in Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast’, Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana (New Series), Number 16, 2014
Summary: Article outlines the origins of the Easmon medical dynasty in the former British West African colonies of the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone.
Journal of Sierra Leone Studies
§ ‘The role of the Sierra Leone Creole people in the Hut Tax War of 1898: Aggressors or Victims?’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition One
Summary: Article outlines the role of the Sierra Leone Creole (Krio) in fomenting the 1898 rebellion in the Protectorate of Sierra Leone and examines whether the Creole were victims or the aggressors in the conflict.
§ ‘A Precis of Sources relating to genealogical research on the Sierra Leone Krio people’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition One
Summary: Article provides information on archival records held in the United Kingdom, North America, and Sierra Leone that are pertinent for researching Sierra Leone Krio genealogy.
§ ‘Lieutenant Macormack Charles Farrell Easmon: A Sierra Leonean Officer in the First World War’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition Two
Summary: First academic article to examine the history of possibly the only black African commissioned to serve as a British officer in the First World War.
§ ‘The British Library Endangered Archives Programmes 284 and 443: A Short note on the digitisation of records at the Sierra Leone Public Archives’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition Two
Summary: Provides an overview of the important work of the British Library Endangered Archives Programmes and outlines records held at the Office of the Registrar-General in Freetown which also require urgent measures for preservation.
§ ‘William Smith, Registrar of the Courts of Mixed Commission: A Photograph of an African Civil Servant in the nineteenth century’, Journal of Sierra Leone Studies, Volume Three, Edition Two
Summary: A biographical sketch of a nineteenth century African civil servant and contains a rare photograph (from a private album) of the subject of the article.
Black History Month Magazine
‘Nelson Mandela: Freedom Fighter and Trailblazing Father of a Nation’, [Cover article], Black History Month Magazine, October 2014
Summary: Wrote the cover article on the life, legacy, and achievements of Nelson Mandela in South Africa and abroad.
‘Africa’s own Officer in the First World War: Lieutenant Macormack Charles Farrell Easmon’, Black History Month Magazine, October 2014
Summary: Summarises the life story and significance of Macormack Easmon, who was possibly the only black African to serve as a British medical officer in the First World War.
‘The Krios of Sierra Leone: A Unique Heritage linked to Britain and beyond’, Black History Month Magazine [co-authored], [circulated with the Telegraph newspaper], October 2013
Summary: Co-authored an article highlighting the unique culture and heritage of the Sierra Leone Krio people, a small ethnic group in the peninsula of Sierra Leone.
Black History Magazine
‘The Krios of Sierra Leone: Celebrating their heritage and discoveries’, Black History magazine publication, October 2013 [co-authored]
Summary: Co-authored an article on the discoveries and contributions of Sierra Leone Creole medical doctors to the discovery of sickle cell, Blackwater fever, and the analysis of the breakdown of insulin in the human body.
The Network for Change [Web Article]
‘The Importance of History, Part 1’, The Network For Change, 20 August, 2013
Summary: Outlines the historical importance of Sierra Leone and particularly the need to preserve oral histories and archival records contained at the Sierra Leone Public Archives in Freetown, Sierra Leone. (...)
Presentations:
‘Thomas Peters and the founding of Freetown’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council and Sickle Cell Society Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peter’s Church, 12 October, 2012
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation given before an audience of 130 people; the presentation received the highest rating as the most interesting aspect of the event based on feedback surveys filled in by the audience.
‘A presentation on Dr. Davidson Nicol’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council and Sickle Cell Society Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 12 October, 2012
Summary: Prepared a presentation on Dr. Davidson Nicol, the first scientist to analyse the breakdown of insulin in the human body, before 130 people; the presentation received high ratings in feedback surveys filled in by the audience.
‘Black History in London: The Sierra Leone and Caribbean connection’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 11 October, 2013
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation given by Dr Morgan Dalphinis before an audience at a Southwark Black History Month Event; the presentation received the highest rating of the event based on feedback surveys completed by the audience.
‘An Overview of Krio History, Webinar, Roots to Glory
Summary: Prepared and gave a web presentation on Sierra Leone Krio history to an African American audience who had undertaken DNA tests and had ancestral ties to Sierra Leone.
‘An Overview of Krio History’, Sickle Cell Society, Liverpool Maritime Museum, 4 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on the connection between the discovery of sickle cell and Sierra Leone Krio history to an audience at the Liverpool Maritime Museum.
‘Stella Marke and Frances Wright: Pioneer Female Lawyers’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared presentation on Stella Thomas and Frances Wright, the first West African female lawyers.
‘Samuel Ajayi Crowther’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation on Samuel Ajayi, the first African to be consecrated as an Archbishop of the Church of England. Presentation was given before an audience comprised of Sierra Leoneans.
‘Lieutenant M.C.F. Easmon in the First World War’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on Lieutenant Macormack Easmon, a Sierra Leonean who was possibly the only black African to serve as a British officer in the First World War.
‘Adelaide Casely-Hayford: An African nationalist, educationalist, and feminist’, ‘Acknowledging the Legacies of our past generations: Celebrating Early Krios from Sierra Leone’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014, URL: http://youtu.be/ibP7gc_06KY
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on Adelaide Casely-Hayford, one of the few Sierra Leoneans to permanently settle in Britain during the late Victorian era.
‘John Henry Smythe: A Sierra Leonean Pilot in the Second World War’, Krio Descendants Union, Southwark City Council Black History Month event, The Crypt, St. Peters Church, 10 October, 2014.
Summary: Prepared and researched a presentation on John Henry Clavell Smythe, a Sierra Leonean pilot in the Second World War who was one of the first West Africans to serve in the Royal Air Force.
‘An Overview of Krio History’, Sickle Cell Society, Black and Asian Workers’ Group, Home Office of the United Kingdom, 16 October, 2014
Summary: Prepared and gave a presentation on the connection between sickle cell and Sierra Leone Krio history before the Black Workers’ Group at the Home Office.
'Black Englishmen': Sierra Leoneans in the British Archives,’ ‘What's Happening in Black British History? A Conversation,’ Institute of Commonwealth Studies, The Chancellor’s Hall, Senate House, London,’ 30 October, 2014
Summary: Researched and gave a presentation on the links between the development of the Sierra Leone Creole community and Black British history.
(...) Media appearances
Short Documentary Clip
Krio Descendants Union London Luncheon Sale 2013 Highlights, URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWRriuLj4Bw
Television
Africa Wrap with Charles Aniagolu, Arise News Network, 9 October, 2014, URL: http://www.arise.tv/arise-news-show/africa-wrap-09-10-8614.
Summary: Appeared as a historian and member of the Krio Descendants Union to discuss Sierra Leone Creole history and the 2014 Southwark City Council Black History Month event.
Princess of Arize with Princess Deun, Black Entertainment Network, 4 April 2013, URL: http://youtu.be/TGN1D7htkok, URL 2: http://youtu.be/VpzfXgv0-Ys, URL 3: http://youtu.be/ryQEObIdPmo
Summary: Appeared as the lead historian for the Krio Descendants Union delegation.
Blog radio
‘The Importance of History: Can events and experiences of our past shape our future’, Powordful conversations with Olive Lazure-Guillias, Blog Radio, 9 October, 2013, URL: http://www.blogtalkradio.com/olivegl/2013/10/09/can-events-and-experiences-of-our-past-shape-our-future
Summary: Invited to discuss the importance of history and my research focus on Sierra Leone (...)
(****) Último poste da série > 1 de maio de 2015 > Guiné 63/74 - P14551: O nosso blogue como fonte de informação e conhecimento (30): «Projecto - Marcas de Guerra - Livro de Textos e Fotografias sobre as Tatuagens" (Pedro Nunes)
.jpg)
